# Exercise 4.1

QUESTION 1

Complete the last column of the table

s.no Equation Value Say , whether the equation is satisfied (Yes/NO)
(i) x + 3 = 0 x = 3
(ii) x + 3 = 0 x = 0
(iii) x + 3 = 0 x = -3
(iv) x – 7 = 1 x = 7
(v) x – 7 = 1 x = 8
(vi) 5x = 25 x = 0
(vii) 5x = 25 x = 5
(viii) 5x = 25 x = -5
(ix) = 2 m = -6
(x) = 2 m = 0
(xi) = 2 m = 6

Sol :

(i) x + 3 = 0

L.H.S. = x + 3

By putting x = 3,

L.H.S = 3 + 3 = 6 ≠ R.H.S

∴ No, the equation is not satisf‌ied

(ii) x + 3

L.H.S. = x + 3

By putting x = 0,

L.H.S. = 0 + 3 = 3 ≠ R.H.S.

∴ No, the equation is not satisf‌ied.

(iii) x + 3 = 0

L.H.S = x = -3

By putting x = -3,

L.H.S. = – 3 + 3 = 0 = R.H.S.

∴ Yes, the equation is satisf‌ied.

(iv) x – 7 = 1

L.H.S. = x – 7

By putting x = 7

L.H.S. = 7 – 7 = 0 ≠ R.H.S.

∴ No, the equation is not satisf‌ied.

(v) x – 7 = 1

L.H.S = x – 7

By putting x =  8,

L.H.S. = 8 – 7 =1 = R.H.S.

∴ Yes, the equation is satisf‌ied.

(vi) 5x = 25

L.H.S. = 5x

By putting x = 0 ,

L.H.S. = 5 0 = 0 ≠ R.H.S.

∴ No, the equation is not satisf‌ied.

(vii) 5x = 25

L.H.S. = 5x

By putting x = 5,

L.H.S. = 5 5 = 25 = R.H.S.

∴ Yes, the equation is satisf‌ied.

(viii) 5= 25

L.H.S. =5x

By putting x = -5,

L.H.S. = 5 (-5) = -25 R.H.S.

∴ No, the equation is not satisf‌ied.

(ix)

L.H.S =

By putting m = -6

L.H.S = -2 ≠ R.H.S

∴ No, the equation is not satisf‌ied. I

(x)

L.H.S =

By putting = 0

L.H.S = 0 ≠ R.H.S

∴ No , the equation is not satisfied

(xi)

L.H.S

By putting m = 6

L.H.S = 2 = R.H.S

∴ Yes, the equation is satisf‌ied.

QUESTION 2

Solve the following :

(a) The teacher tells the class that the highest marks obtained by a student in her class is twice the lowest marks plus 7. The highest score is 87. What is the lowest score?

Sol :

Let the lowest score be l .

2 Lowest marks + 7 = Highest marks

2l+7=87

2l= 87 — 7 (Transposing 7 to R.H.S.)

2l = 80

Dividing both sides by 2

l = 40

Therefore , the lowest score is 40

(b) In an isosceles triangle, the base angles are equal. The vertex angle is 40°. What are the base angle of the triangle ? (Remember , the sum of three angles of a triangle is 180°) .

Sol :

Let the base angles be equal to b

The sum of interior angles of a triangle is 180°

b + b + 40° = 180°

2b +40° = 180°

2b = 180° – 40° (transposing 40° to RHS)

2b = 140°

Dividing both sides by 2 ,

b = 70°

Therefore, the base angles of the triangle are of 70° measure

(c) Sachin scored twice as many runs as Rahul. Together, their runs fell two short of a double century. How many runs did each one score?

Sol :

Let Rahul’s score be x

Therefore, Sachin’s score = 2x

Rahul’s score + Sachin’s score = 200 — 2

2x +  x = 198

3x = 198

( Dividing both sides by 3 )

x = 66

Rahul’s score = 66  , Sachin’s score = 2 = 132

QUESTION 3

Solve the following:

(i) Irfan says that he has 7 marbles more than f‌ive times the marbles Parmit has . Irfan has 37 marbles. How many marbles does Parmit have ?

Sol :

Let Parmit’s marbles = x

5 times the number of marbles Parmit has = 5x

5x + 7 = 37

5x = 37 — 7  (Transposing 7 to R.H.S.)

5= 30

( Dividing both sides by 5 )

x = 6

Therefore, Parmit has 6 marbles.

(ii) Laxmi’s father is 49 year old. He is 4 years older than three times Laxmi’s age. What is Laxmi’s age ?

Sol :

Let Laxmi’s age be x years

3 Laxmi’s age + 4 = Her father’s age

3x + 4 = 49

3x = 49 – 4

3x = 45

( Dividing both sides by 3)

x = 15

Therefore , Laxmi’s age is 15 years

(iii) People of Sundargram planted trees in the village garden. Some of the trees were fruit trees . The number of non-fruit trees was two more than three times the number of fruit trees. What was the number of fruit trees planted if the number of non-fruit trees planted was 77?

Sol :

Let the number of fruit trees be x

3 number of fruit trees + 2 = Number of non-fruit trees

3+ 2 = 77

3x = 77 – 2 ( Transposing 2 to R.H.S )

3x = 75

Dividing both sides of the equation by 3

x = 25

Therefore , the number of fruit trees was 25

QUESTION 4

Solve the following riddle:

I am a number,

Tell my identity!

Take me seven times over

To reach a triple century

You still need forty!

Sol :

Let the number be X.

(7x + 50) + 40 = 300

7x +  90 = 300

7x = 300 — 90 (Transposing 90 to R.H.S.)

7x= 210

Diyiding both sides by 7,

x = 30

Therefore , the number is 30

QUESTION 5

Write the following equations in statement forms:

(i) p + 4 = 15

Sol :

The sum of p and 4 is 1 5.

(ii) m — 7 = 3

Sol :

7 subtracted from m is 3.

(iii) 2m = 7

Sol :

Twice of a number m is 7.

(iv)

Sol :

One-f‌ifth of m is 3.

(v)

Sol :

Three-f‌ifth of m is 6.

(vi) 3p + 4 = 25

Sol :

Three times of a number p, when added to 4, gives 25.

(vii) 4p — 2 = 18

Sol :

When 2 is subtracted from four times of a number p, it gives 18.

(viii)

Sol :

When 2 is added to half of a number p it gives 8.

QUESTION 6

Set up an equation in the following cases:

(i) Irfan says that he has 7 marbles more than five times the marbles Parmit has. Irfan has 3 marbles. (Take m to be the number of Parmit’s marbles.)

Sol :

Let Parmit has m marbles.

5×number of marbles Parmit has + 7 = Number of marbles irfan has

5×m + 7 = 37

5m + 7 = 37

(ii) Laxmi’s father is 49 years old. He is 4 years older than three times Laxmi’s age. (Take Laxmi’s age to be y years.)

Sol :

Let Laxmi be y years old.

3×Laxmi’s age + 4 = Laxmi’s father’s age

3× y + 4 = 49

3y + 4 = 49

(iii) The teacher tells the class that the highest marks obtained by a student in her class is twice the lowest marks plus 7. The highest score is 87. (Take the lowest score to be I.)

Sol :

Let the lowest marks be l

2× Lowest marks + 7 = Highest marks

l + 7 = 87

2l + 7 = 87

(iv) In an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle is twice either base angle. (Let the base angle be it in degrees. Remember that the sum of angles of a triangle is 180 degrees.)

Sol :

An isosceles triangle has two of its angles of equal measure.

Let base angle be b

Vertex angle = 2×Base angle = 2b

Sum of all interior angles of a Δ = 180°

b + b + 2b = 180°

4b = 180°

Insert math as
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